Background: Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is a risk factor of venous thromboembolism in cancer patients. The underlying pathogenesis remains unclear. We hypothesized an apoptotic effect of cisplatin on endothelial cells EC ; inducing a release of small membrane vesicles, so-called microparticles MP ; which are known to cause hemostasis activation. Aims: 1 ; To quantify the release of MP from EC following administration of cisplatin and 2 ; to investigate MP-associated procoagulant mechanisms. Methods: Two EC lines HUVEC, HMVEC-L ; were exposed to cisplatin 1, 2.5, 5, and 20 M ; for up to 120 h. Cell viability was assessed by quantification of mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity, counts and procoagulant activity of MP were measured by flow cytometry and a thrombin generation assay, respectively. Tissue factor TF ; antigen levels were determined by ELISA. Results: EC viability decreased in a dose- and time-dependent manner and was accompanied by an increasing release of MP into culture media maximum: HUVEC + 544%; HMVEC-L + 1738% ; . In parallel, procoagulant activity of media increased by up to 150% HUVEC ; and 493% HMVEC-L ; , respectively. The procoagulant activity was almost abolished by annexin V but was not suppressed by a monoclonal TF-antibody. TF antigen levels on MP were persistently low even at high cisplatin concentrations. Conclusion: At pharmacologically relevant concentrations, cisplatin induced a marked release of procoagulant MP from EC. Negatively charged phospholipids but not TF on MP were decisive for total thrombin generation. Further studies are warranted to investigate the cisplatin-induced release of EC-derived MP in vivo!
The Project Description: A new crisis has been looming in the education sector and has potentially far-reaching effects on the progress of education in the country. The Ministry of Education, Sport and Culture with its mandate to provide education to people in Zimbabwe established about 346 satellite schools in all new resettlement areas in the year 2001. State funding for these schools has been far from adequate leaving them in great need of permanent basic facilities such as toilets, boreholes, textbooks and reliable school food supplementation and decreasing their capacity to provide a conducive learning environment for young pupils. CARE International in Zimbabwe seeks to improve the low enrolment and literacy levels at target schools by dealing directly with issues that have an impact on the accessibility and the quality of education received by children attending these schools. The main objectives of this initiative are Objectives: To improve enrolment and attendance of school children and reduce drop-out rates. To improve, community, schools and government partnership. Activities: Provision of textbooks for the most vulnerable children Provision of school furniture e.g. table, chairs, benches, black boards ; , Integration of HIV AIDS education at targeted schools Capacity building for school development committees Outcomes: 10% increase in enrolment and attendance rates at targeted satellite schools Improved capacity of school development committees to manage the schools Improved awareness, knowledge, attitude and practice on HIV AIDS among school children. A summary of the budget for the Child Friendly Schools in Zimbabwe Project is provided below, because desloratadine patent.
Lipantil Micro 200 Cap 200mg Lipantil Micro 67 Cap 67mg Lipantil Micro 267 Cap 267mg Supralip 160 Tab 160mg Gemfibrozil Tab 600mg Nicotinic Acid Tab 500mg M R Nicotinic Acid Tab 750mg M R Nicotinic Acid Tab 1g M R Nicotinic Acid Titration Pack Tab M R Niaspan Tab 500mg M R Niaspan Tab 750mg M R Niaspan Tab 1g M R Niaspan Titration Pack Tab M R Gppe Cap Maxepa Maxepa Cap 1g Pravastatin Sod Tab 10mg Pravastatin Sod Tab 20mg Pravastatin Sod Tab 40mg Lipostat Tab 10mg Lipostat Tab 20mg Simvastatin Tab 10mg Simvastatin Tab 20mg Simvastatin Tab 40mg Simvastatin Tab 80mg Zocor Tab 10mg Zocor Tab 20mg Acrivastine Cap 8mg Acrivastine Pseudoephed Cap 8mg 60mg Mizolastine Tab 10mg M R Deslotatadine Tab 5mg Cesloratadine Oral Soln 2.5mg 5ml Neoclarityn Tab 5mg Neoclarityn Syr 500mcg ml Levocetirizine Tab 5mg Xyzal Tab 5mg Loratadine Tab 10mg.
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Ment was observed. For 3-hydroxydesloratadine, the mean Cmax and AUC values for patients with hepatic impairment were not statistically significantly different from subjects with normal hepatic function. Dosage adjustment for patients with hepatic impairment is recommended see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION section ; . Gender: Female subjects treated for 14 days with CLARINEX Tablets had 10% and 3% higher desloratadine Cmax and AUC values, respectively, compared with male subjects. The 3-hydroxydesloratadine Cmax and AUC values were also increased by 45% and 48%, respectively, in females compared with males. However, these apparent differences are not likely to be clinically relevant and therefore no dosage adjustment is recommended. Race: Following 14 days of treatment with CLARINEX Tablets, the Cmax and AUC values for desloratadine were 18% and 32% higher, respectively, in Blacks compared with Caucasians. For 3-hydroxydesloratadine there was a corresponding 10% reduction in Cmax and AUC values in Blacks compared to Caucasians. These differences are not likely to be clinically relevant and therefore no dose adjustment is recommended. Drug Interactions: In two controlled crossover clinical pharmacology studies in healthy male n 12 in each study ; and female n 12 in each study ; volunteers, desloratadine 7.5 mg 1.5 times the daily dose ; once daily was coadministered with erythromycin 500 mg every 8 hours or ketoconazole 200 mg every 12 hours for 10 days. In three separate controlled, parallel group clinical pharmacology studies, desloratadine at the clinical dose of 5 mg has been coadministered with azithromycin 500 mg followed by 250 mg once daily for 4 days n 18 ; or with fluoxetine 20 mg once daily for 7 days after a 23-day pretreatment period with fluoxetine n 18 ; or with cimetidine 600 mg every 12 hours for 14 days n 18 ; under steady state conditions to normal healthy male and female volunteers. Although increased plasma concentrations Cmax and AUC 0-24 hrs ; of desloratadine and 3-hydroxydesloratadine were observed see Table 1 ; , there were no clinically relevant changes in the safety profile of desloratadine, as assessed by electrocardiographic parameters including the corrected QT interval ; , clinical laboratory tests, vital signs, and adverse events. Table 1 Changes in Desloratadinr and 3-Hydroxydesloratadine Pharmacokinetics in Healthy Male and Female Volunteers Desloratadinee 3-Hydroxydesloratadine Cmax AUC Cmax AUC 0-24 hrs 0-24 hrs Erythromycin 500 mg Q8h ; + 24% + 14% + 43% + 40% Ketoconazole 200 mg Q12h ; + 45% + 39% + 43% + 72% Azithromycin 500 mg day 1, 250 mg QD x 4 days ; + 15% + 5% + 15% + 4% Fluoxetine 20 mg QD ; + 15% + 0% + 17% + 13% Cimetidine 600 mg Q12h ; + 12% + 19% -11% -3% Pharmacodynamics: Wheal and Flare: Human histamine skin wheal studies following single and repeated 5 mg doses of desloratadine have shown that the drug exhibits an antihistaminic effect by 1 hour; this activity may persist for as long as 24 hours. There was no evidence of histamine-induced skin wheal tachyphylaxis within the desloratadine 5 mg group over the 28-day treatment period. The clinical relevance of histamine wheal skin testing is unknown. Effects on QTc: Single dose administration of desloratadine did not alter the corrected QT interval QTc ; in rats up to 12 mg kg, oral ; , or guinea pigs 25 mg kg, intravenous ; . Repeated oral administration at doses up to 24 mg kg for durations up to 3 months in monkeys did not alter the QTc at an estimated desloratadine exposure AUC ; that was approximately 955 times the mean AUC in humans at the recommended daily oral dose. See OVERDOSAGE section for information on human QTc experience. Clinical Trials: Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis: The clinical efficacy and safety of CLARINEX Tablets were evaluated in over 2, 300 patients 12 to 75 years of age with seasonal allergic rhinitis. A total of 1, 838 patients received 2.5-20 mg day of CLARINEX in four double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials of 2 to weeks' duration conducted in the United States. The results of these studies demonstrated the efficacy and safety of CLARINEX 5 mg in the treatment of adult and adolescent patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis. In a dose ranging trial, CLARINEX 2.5-20 mg day was studied. Doses of 5, 7.5, 10, and 20 mg day were superior to placebo; and no additional benefit was seen at doses above 5.0 mg. In the same study, an increase in the incidence of somnolence was observed at doses of 10 mg day and 20 mg day 5.2% and 7.6%, respectively ; , compared to placebo 2.3% ; . In two 4-week studies of 924 patients aged 15 to 75 years ; with seasonal allergic rhinitis and concomitant asthma, CLARINEX Tablets 5 mg once daily improved rhinitis.
Chemicals and Microsomes. Ketoconazole, 11 -hydroxytestosterone, and S- ; -mephenytoin were purchased from Ultrafine Chemicals Manchester, England ; . Levallorphan was purchased from Research Biochemicals International Natick, MA ; . Resorufin was purchased from Fluka Milwaukee, WI ; , and -naphthoflavone was purchased from Aldrich Milwaukee, WI ; . Loratadine, desloratadine, and 3-OH-desloratadine were obtained from the Research Activities Stockroom of Schering-Plough Research Institute. Pooled human liver microsomes were purchased from XenoTech LLC Kansas City, KS ; . All other chemicals were purchased from Sigma Chemical Company St. Louis, MO ; . Enzyme Specific Assays. 7-Ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation was determined using the fluorometric method of Dutton and Parkinson 1989 ; with the following modifications: microsomes 1.2 mg ml ; were incubated for 5 min at 37C in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer pH 7.4 ; , 1.5 units ml G6Pdh, 5 1 Abbreviations used are: LOR, loratadine; DL, desloratadine; G6P, glucose M 7-ethoxyresorufin, and the components listed in the reference. -Naph6-phosphate; G6Pdh, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; Cmax, maximum thoflavone 50 M ; was the positive inhibitor control. The relative amount plasma concentration; CYP, cytochrome P-450; HPLC, high-performance liquid pmol min mg ; of resorufin in the supernatant was measured using a Hitachi chromatography; IC50, concentration at half-maximal enzyme inhibition; 3-OHF-2000 spectrofluorometer ex: 535 nm; em: 585 nm ; . The dextromethorphan DL, 3-hydroxydesloratadine. assay, which measures O-demethylase activity CYP2D6 ; and N-demethylase activity CYP3A4 ; , was determined by modification of the methods of KroAddress correspondence to: Mary E. Barecki, M.S., 144 Route 94, P.O. Box nbach et al. 1987 ; , Kronbach 1991 ; , and Chen et al. 1990 ; . Briefly, micro32, Schering-Plough Research Institute, Lafayette, NJ 07848-0032. E-mail: somes 1 mg ml ; were incubated for 10 min at 37C with 50 mM potassium mary ecki spcorp phosphate buffer pH 7.4 ; , 3 mM MgCl2, 1 mM EDTA, dextromethorphan 20 1173 and serophene.
Questions or comments concerning the ILLINOIS FORMULARY for the Drug Product Selection Program may be directed to Ronald W. Gottrich, R.Ph., Manager, Drugs and Medical Devices Programs, Illinois Department of Public Health, Office of Health Protection, Division of Food, Drugs and Dairies, 525 West Jefferson Street, Springfield, Illinois 62761-0001, telephone number 217 ; 782-7532, facsimile 217 ; 7820943, TTY for use by the hearing-impaired, 800-547-0466, or e-mail rgottric idph ate.il . PRINTED BY THE AUTHORITY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS P.O. #523220 3.3M 10 02.
Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: Blair U. Bradford, Laboratory of Hepatobiology and Toxicology, Dept. of Pharmacology, CB#7365, Mary Ellen Jones Bldg, Univ. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7365 E-mail: beub med.unc ; . G100 and clomiphene, for instance, over the counter.
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Russian and CIS Countries JBCPL's exports are mainly driven by Russia and the CIS countries. The company's exports turnover from these markets stood at Rs 1.6bn in FY2005 with Russia contributing 35% to the company's total turnover and 62% to exports. In Russia, JBCPL is ranked second among the Indian companies and ranks 16th among the Russian pharma players. JBCPL has a and clozaril.
In our isomer and metabolite development program, we identify existing drugs that might, in single-isomer or active-metabolite forms, provide significant advances over existing therapies within the indications of the parent compound or in new indications. We then develop isomers or metabolites designed to offer benefits over both the parent drugs and competitive compounds, such as reduced side effects, improved therapeutic efficacy, effectiveness for new indications or improved dosage forms. Our development program for new chemical entities encompasses a more traditional approach to drug development. In this program, we are seeking to discover novel compounds unrelated to existing commercial compounds that have the potential to provide benefits over existing treatments or provide new therapies for diseases currently lacking effective treatment. We currently manufacture and sell three products: XOPENEX levalbuterol HCl ; Inhalation Solution, a short-acting bronchodilator, for the treatment or prevention of bronchospasm in patients with reversible obstructive airway disease; XOPENEX HFATM levalbuterol tartrate ; Inhalation Aerosol, a hydrofluoroalkane, or HFA, metered-dose inhaler, or MDI, for the treatment or prevention of bronchospasm in adults, adolescents and children four years of age and older with reversible obstructive airway disease; and LUNESTATM eszopiclone ; for the treatment of insomnia. We currently market these products in the U.S. to primary care physicians, allergists, pulmonologists, pediatricians, hospitals, psychiatrists and sleep specialists, as appropriate, through our 1, 500-person sales organization. We have, from time to time, licensed our technology and patent rights to third parties. These out-licensing agreements include Schering-Plough Corporation for CLARINEX desloratadine sanofi-aventis, formerly Aventis, for ALLEGRA fexofenadine HCl and UCB Pharma for XYZAL XUSALTM levocetirizine ; . As a result of these agreements, we earned royalties in 2005, 2004 and 2003 on sales of CLARINEX, ALLEGRA and XYZAL XUSAL. In 2005 our key developments included the following: We commercially launched LUNESTA brand eszopiclone for the treatment of insomnia in April 2005, supported by an extensive direct-to-patient and physician education campaign and the efforts of our primary care and specialty sales force; In March 2005, we received U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, approval for XOPENEX HFATM brand levalbuterol tartrate, an HFA MDI, and in December, we commercially introduced the product in the U.S. Indicated for the treatment or prevention of bronchospasm in patients with reversible obstructive airway disease, XOPENEX HFA complements our existing XOPENEX Inhalation Solution product line; We expanded our sales force in 2005 in anticipation of the launch of XOPENEX HFA by hiring an additional 175 sales professionals to call on respiratory specialists and hospitals; In December 2005, we submitted our New Drug Application, or NDA, for arformoterol tartrate as a long-term maintenance treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD. Arformoterol, a single isomer of arformoterol, is the first long-acting bronchodilator to be developed in an inhalation solution for use with a nebulizer, which is a machine that converts liquid medication into a fine mist that is inhaled through a mask; Data from four Phase IIIB IV studies of LUNESTA were presented at medical society meetings throughout 2005. These studies included a six-month, placebo-controlled study in patients with 2.
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Non-specific RPE changes at the macula. Areas of RPE atrophy and loss of the choriocapillaris at the macula Figure 5.60 ; . Geographic atrophy characterized by circumscribed macular lesions between 13 disc diameters in size within which the larger choroidal vessels are prominent Figure 5.61.
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Pharmaceuticals Corp., East Hanover, NJ; Robert Frick, MD, Genentech, Inc., San Francisco, CA; Giovanni Della Cioppa, MD, Novartis Horsham Research Centre, Horsham, England. Nayak AS, Schenkel E. Deslortadine reduces nasal congestion in patients with intermittent allergic rhinitis. Allergy, 56 11 ; : 1077-1080, November 2001. Efficacy and tolerability of once-daily 5mg desloratadine, an H-1-receptor antagonist, in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis Assessment during the spring and fall allergy seasons. Clinical Drug Investigation, 21 1 ; : 25-32, 2001. Treatment of Childhood Asthma With Anti-Immunoglobulin E Antibody Omalizumab ; . Pediatrics Vol. 108 No. 2, August 2001. Authors: Henry Milgrom, MD, National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, CO; William Berger, MD, Southern California Research Center, Mission Viejo, CA; Anjuli Nayak, University of Illinois, Peoria, IL, Niroo Gupta, MD, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ; Stephen Pollard, MD, Allergy & Asthma Research Institute, Louisville, KY; Margaret McAlary, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ; Angel Fowler, RPh, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ; Patricia Rohane, MD, Schering-Plough Corporation, Kenilworth, NJ. Once-daily dexloratadine improves the signs and symptoms of chronic idiopathic urticaria: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. International Journal of Dermatology 2001, 40, 1-5. Johannes Ring, MD; Rudiger Hein, MD; Anke Gauger, MD; Edwin Bronsky, MD; Bruce Miller, MD; and the Desloratadine Study Group. Cited as trial site ; Desloratadine reduces nasal congestion in patients with intermittent allergic rhinitis. Allergy 2001: 56 11 ; : 1077 -80. Authors: A.S. Nayak, MD, School of Medicine, University of Illinois, Peoria, IL; E. Schenkel, MD, Valley Clinical Research Center, Easton, PA. Mometasone Furoate: Efficacy and Safety in Moderate Asthma Compared with Beclomethasone Dipropionate. Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology 86 2 ; : 203-10, February 2001. Authors: Robert A. Nathan, MD, Asthma and Allergy Associates, PC, Colorado Springs, CO; Anjuli S. Nayak, MD, Asthma and Allergy Research Associates, PC, Normal, IL; David F. Graft, MD, Park Nicollet Clinic, Minneapolis, MN; Michael Lawrence, MD, Center for Clinical Research, Taunton, MA; Frank J. Picone, MD, Allergy and Asthma Consultants, PC, Tinton Falls, NJ; Tahir Ahmed, MD, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL; James Wolfe, MD, Allergy and Asthma Associates, San Jose, CA; Mark L. Vanderwalker, MD, Clinical Research of the Ozarks, Rolla, MO; Keith B. Nolop, MD, Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, NJ; Judy E. Harrison, MD, Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, NJ. Efficacy and Tolerability of Once-Daily 5mg Desloratadine, an H1-Receptor Antagonist, in Patients with Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis, Assessment during the Spring and Fall Allergy Seasons. Clin Drug Invest 21 1 ; : 25-32, 2001. Authors: Eli O. Meltzer, Allergy and Asthma Medical Group and Research Center, San Diego, California, USA; Bruce M. Prenner, Allergy Associates Medical Group, San Diego, California, USA; Anjuli Nayak, Peoria School of Medicine, University of Illinois, Peoria, Illinois, USA; and the Desloratadine Study Group. 2000 Salmeterol and Fluticasone Propionate Combined in a New Dry Powder Inhalation Device for the Treatment of Asthma: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 105 6 PT 1 ; 1108-1116, June 2000. Authors: M. Kavuru, J. Melamed, G. Gross, C. Laforce, K. House, B. Prillman, L. Batinger, A. Woodring, T. Shah.
Grand Ballroom Chairs: Gregory L. Kearns, PharmD, PhD Deanna L. Kroetz, PhD Drug Hepatotoxicity 2004 William Lee, MD, Director, Clinical Center for Liver Diseases, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX ACPE: 240-000-04-015-L01 Learning Objectives: 1. Discuss current understanding of mechanisms of drug-induced hepatotoxicity 2. Review recent research findings in hepatotoxicity and drugs and combivir.
To date, the WMF has mainly kept the therapeutic classification system used in the WMEML with only minor modifications. This system is widely used by countries with existing EMLs as well as local and international suppliers such as the United Nations Children's Fund UNICEF ; or the International Dispensary Association. It is strongly recommended that the same classification system be maintained in the NF, as this can help the NFC and the editors to: -- incorporate a list of essential and or other selected medicines into a well-known therapeutic classification system; -- adopt all introductory texts of the WMF and maintain their integrity as much as possible, thus reducing the risk of lost or potentially invalid information; -- save time and effort on word-processing of the NF, by using the complete electronic text of the WMF on all 27 categories, instead of importing WMF sections in fragments into a different classification system; and -- take advantage of the existing table of contents and indexing field codes present in the WMF Word files for generation of contents lists and indexes, thus decreasing the time necessary for production. However, if there is already a widely used national classification system for essential medicines, this should be matched in the NF, rather than using the WMF structure, for example, desloratadone loratadine.
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When asked, "Has your alcohol or drug use led to any of the following?"smaller percentages of non-meth users reported impacts related to included job loss, aggressiveness, mental problems, medical problems, arrest and divorce. Table 54 compares non-meth users to meth users and the overall Douglas County offender population. Table 55: Impacts of Substance Use, Comparisons.
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Varunee Pimpa. The participation of local people in environmental performance : healthy city project for Banmee Municipality Lopburi province. Bangkok : Mahidol University, 2002. 140 p. T E19538 and zidovudine.
Fig. 4. Selected reaction ion chromatograms for a calibration curve standard at the LLOQ, 25 pg ml: 1 ; desloratadine, 2 ; 3-OH desloratadine, 3 ; [ 2 H ]desloratadine, and 4 ; [ 2 ]3-OH desloratadine.
All, parasympathetic signal is responsible for erection, and sympathetic signal is responsible for ejaculation.6, 8 Sexual arousal and parasympathetic signal to the penis initiate intracellular changes necessary for erection Figure 1 ; .6, 8, 9 Endothelial cells and nerve terminals release nitric oxide, 10 which in turn increases cyclic guanosine monophosphate cGMP ; levels.8 Generous levels of cGMP cause relaxation of arterial and cavernosal smooth muscle and increased penile blood flow.9 As the intracavernosal pressure increases, penile emissary veins are compressed, thus restricting venous return from the penis.6 The combination of increased arterial flow and decreased venous return results in erection. This process is reversed by the activity of type 5 cGMP phosphodiesterase PDE ; , which breaks down cGMP, 11 resulting in cessation of erection. ED is strongly associated with cardiovascular risk factors. In fact, The Health Professions Follow-up Study showed that risk factors for ED and cardiovascular disease were nearly identical and that physically active men had a 30% lower risk of ED than inactive men.12 Therefore, men with diabetes, hypertension, and coronary artery disease have an increased risk of ED.13 Not surprisingly, data from a randomized controlled trial by Esposito et al14 show that obese men who lose weight through diet and exercise experience significant improvements in erectile function. EVALUATING PATIENTS WITH ED HISTORY AND PHYSICAL EXAMINATION Certain questions should be routinely asked when taking a history from patients with ED Table 1 ; .15 Questions should elicit common ED risk factors such as cardiovascular disease, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, prescription medications, alcohol abuse, recreational drug use, and disorders of mood and sleep. Additionally, validated questionnaires such as the International Index of Erectile Function16 may complement the sexual history by assessing baseline erectile function. Finally, it is important to differentiate ED from other forms of sexual dysfunction, including decreased libido and ejaculatory dysfunction. A complete multisystem examination may reveal indicators of cardiovascular disease eg, obesity, hypertension, or femoral arterial bruits ; , endocrinopathies eg, visual field defects, thyromegaly, or gynecomastia ; , or neurologic abnormalities eg, decreased sphincter tone, absent bulbocavernous reflex, or saddle anesthesia ; . The penis should and compazine and desloratadine, for example, drugs.
Respectively, and loratadine was used as i.s. for hydroxyzine and deslorratadine ; . The rest of the procedures was the same as for liquid-liquid extraction. The brains were homogenized after adding 4 volumes of saline. The resulting brain homogenate 100 l ; was used for analysis. The method for extraction of brain samples was same as described for the plasma samples using acetonitrile precipitation. LC-MS-MS instrumentation and conditions. High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry consisted of a Hewlett Packard 1100 quaternary pump with membrane degasser Hewlett Packard, Palo Alto, CA ; , a 215 liquid handler Gilson Inc., Middleton, WI ; , and a 3000 mass spectrometer with a turbo ion spray interface PerkinElmerSciex Instruments, Thornhill, ON, Canada ; . An aliquot of the reconstitute 20 l ; was injected to an Asahipak ODP C18 column 2.6 i.d. 20 mm; Keystone Scientific, Inc., Charlotte, NC ; . The analytes and i.s. were eluted with a mobile phase composed of solvent A 95% water 5% acetonitrile, containing 0.01% acetic acid ; and B 5% water 95% acetonitrile, containing 0.01% acetic acid ; under the following gradient: 0 to 0.20 min, 100% of solvent A; 0.20 to 0.30 min, linear gradient from 100% solvent A to 100% solvent B; and then keep at 100% of solvent B for up to 1.5 min. The analyte and i.s. were monitored based on the ion pair parent and daughter ; that is specific to each compound at a collision energy of positive 40 V. The ion pairs parent and daughter ; under the current mass spectrometry conditions for diphenhydramine, hydroxyzine, triprolidine, cetirizine, loratadine, and desloratadine were 255.3 136.1, 374.9 and 310.8 259.2, respectively. The peak areas of the analyte and i.s. were obtained using MacQuan PerkinElmerSciex.
Table 2. Antitumour activity of irinotecan in patients with glioblastoma Group A Investigators No. of patients Evaluable Non-evaluable Withdrawal of consent Died from other diseases Insufficient imaging Partial responses Minor responses Tumour stabilisations Tumour control ratea 95% CI ; Tumour progression Six-month progressionfree survival rate Time to progression Median survival and prochlorperazine.
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Kongpetch Imjai. Job performance assessment in role of public health officers at community health centers in public health region 1. Bangkok : Mahidol University, 2002. 143 p. T E18579.
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100. Church MK, Collinson AD, Okayama Y: H1-receptor antagonists: antiallergic effects in vitro. In Simons FER, editor: Histamine and H1-antihistamines in allergic disease, ed 2, New York, 2002, Marcel Dekker, p 117. 101. Triggiani M, Gentile M, Secondo A, et al: Histamine induced exocytosis and IL-6 production from human lung macrophages through interaction with H1 receptors, J Immunol 166: 4083, 2001. Schroeder JT, Schleimer RP, Lichtenstein LM, et al: Inhibition of cytokine generation and mediator release by human basophils treated with desloratadine, Clin Exp Allergy 31: 1369, 2001. Szeberenyi JB, Pallinger E, Zsinko M, et al: Inhibition of effects of endogenously synthesized histamine disturbs in vitro human dendritic cell differentiation, Immunol Lett 76: 175, 2001. Caron G, Delneste Y, Roelandts E, et al: Histamine polarizes human dendritic cells into Th2 cell-promoting effector dendritic cells, J Immunol 167: 3682, 2001. Thomson L, Blaylock MG, Sexton DW, et al: Cetirizine and levocetirizine inhibit eotaxin-induced eosinophil transendothelial migration through human dermal or lung microvascular endothelial cells, Clin Exp Allergy 32: 1187, 2002. Jin HR, Okamoto Y, Matsuzaki Z, et al: Cetirizine decreases interleukin-4, interleukin-5, and interferon-gamma gene expressions in nasal-associated lymphoid tissue of sensitized mice, J Rhinol 16: 43, 2002. Gelfand EW, Cui ZH, Takeda K, et al: Fexofenadine modulates T-cell function, preventing allergen-induced airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness, J Allergy Clin Immunol 110: 85, 2002. Assanasen P, Naclerio RM: Antiallergic, anti-inflammatory effects of H1-antihistamines in humans. In Simons FER, editor: Histamine and H1-antihistamines in allergic disease, ed 2, New York, 2002, Marcel Dekker, p 101. 109. Ciprandi G, Passalacqua G, Canonica GW: Effects of H1-antihistamines on adhesion molecules: a possible rationale for long-term treatment, Clin Exp Allergy 29 suppl 3 ; : 49, 1999. 110. van Steekelenburg J, Clement PA, Beel MH: Comparison of five new antihistamines H1-receptor antagonists ; in patients with allergic rhinitis using nasal provocation studies and skin tests, Allergy 57: 346, 2002. Ciprandi G, Pronzato C, Passalacqua G, et al: Topical azelastine reduces eosinophil activation and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression on nasal epithelial cells: an antiallergic activity, J Allergy Clin Immunol 98: 1088, 1996. Saengpanich S, Assanasen P, deTineo M, et al: Effects of intranasal azelastine on the response to nasal allergen challenge, Laryngoscope 112: 47, 2002. Bruno G, Andreozzi P, Bracchitta S, et al: Serum tryptase in allergic rhinitis: effect of cetirizine and fluticasone propionate treatment, Clin Ter 152: 299, 2001. Greiff L, Persson CG, Svensson C, et al: Loratadine reduces allergen-induced mucosal output of 2-macroglobulin and tryptase in allergic rhinitis, J Allergy Clin Immunol 96: 97, 1995. Greiff L, Persson CG, Andersson M: Desloratadine reduces allergen challengeinduced mucinous secretion and plasma exudation in allergic rhinitis, Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 89: 413, 2002. Friedlaender MH, Harris J, LaVallee N, et al: Evaluation of the onset and duration of effect of azelastine eye drops 0.05% ; versus placebo in patients with allergic conjunctivitis using an allergen challenge model, Ophthalmology 107: 2152, 2000. Abelson MB, Kaplan AP: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled comparison of emedastine 0.05% ophthalmic solution with loratadine 10 mg and their combination in the human conjunctival allergen challenge model, Clin Ther 24: 445, 2002. D'Arienzo PA, Leonardi A, Bensch G: Randomized, double-masked, placebocontrolled comparison of the efficacy of emedastine difumarate 0.05% ophthalmic solution and ketotifen fumarate 0.025% ophthalmic solution in the human conjunctival allergen challenge model, Clin Ther 24: 409, 2002. Day JH, Briscoe MP, Clark RH, et al: Onset of action and efficacy of terfenadine, astemizole, cetirizine, and loratadine for the relief of symptoms of allergic rhinitis, Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 79: 163, 1997. Berkowitz RB, Woodworth GG, Lutz C, et al: Onset of action, efficacy, and safety of fexofenadine 60 mg pseudoephedrine 120 mg versus placebo in the Atlanta allergen exposure unit, Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 89: 38, 2002.
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Zaklady Farmaceutyczne Fluoxetin "POLPHARMA" S.A., ul. Pelpliska 19, 83-200 Starogard Gdaski, Poland Alpharma ApS, Rua Virglio Correia, 11-A 1600-219 Lisboa Portugal Fluoxetina Alpharma 20 mg Cpsulas.
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